Concrete-house mold.



8. A. BACHMAN.

CONCRETE HOUSE MOLD.

APPLICATION man AUKLZ. 19m.

Patented July 9, Mb,

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Snuemfoz H. A. BACHMAN.

CONCRETE HOUSE mow.

APPLICATION FILED AUG,2. Hi6

1 ,271 ,262. Patented July 2, 1918.

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R A. BACHMAN. CONCRETE HOUSE MOLD. APPUCATION FILED AUG.Z. lEHfi.

1,271,262. Patented July 2,1918.

%1 Qua-M0115 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT A. BACHMAN, OF EAST ORANGE. NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO INDUSTRIAL POURED CONCRETE HOUSE 00., A CORPORATION OF NEW' JERSEY.

To all whom it may concern:

lie it known that l. Rom-arr A. BMFIIMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Orange, in the county oi Essex and 'State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful lmprorcnu-nts in Concretellouse Molds. of which the i'ollowingis a full. clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to molds for the construction of small oncrete houses such as are erected by industrial corporations for their employees.

()ne 0 jcct of the invention is to provide a mold. for casting the entire house including the walls and floors of the several stories at a. single pour. of such a construction. that the floors as well as the walls. may be cast uniformly and ot' a proper thickness.

Another object of the invention is to provide a mold which may be completely assembled to cast thc entire building and thereafter be taken apart with the greatest ease and rapidity.

A further object of the invention is the provision of simple but adequate means for supporting the mold rigidly in position while the concrete is being poured. which supporting means is of sutlicient strength to withstand the stresses and strains of the heavy mass of concrete utilized in casting the entire building at a single operation.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a mold in which window and door openings may be formed simulta neously with the casting of the walls and floors. which window and door openings may be positioned at any desired location in the building.

To attain these objects, the invention contemplates a mold consisting of an outer and an inner mold form; the outer mold form is a hollow rectangular structure of sutlicient height to form the several stories of the building, while the inner mold form consists of a. plurality of box-like structures having closed tops and open bottoms, which are superimposed and spaced one above the other a distance equal to the thickness of the concrete floor to be cast. These box-like structures are also spaced from the outer mold form a distance corresponding to the thickness of the walls to be cast, and in this s Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 2, 1916.

Patented July 2, 1918 Serial No. 112,726.

manner when. the mold is completely assembled, the spaces which are to he filled with concrete to form the walls and floors are in open communication with each other, permittinga monolithic structure to be obtained. Moreover, since the box-like structures of the upper stories have open bottoms and the concrete which forms the fioor is sustained only by the closed top of the box-like structure below, access is permitted to the mass of concrete which is to form the floor to permit it to be properly distributed and thus a uniform floor of even thickness obtained.

Where the house is to have more than one room upon each stor v a plurality of such box-like structures may be utilized for each story and-by spacing them from each other the proper distance a partition wall may then be cast simultaneously with the walls and the floor.

In the specific embodiment of the invention disclosed metallic mold plates having marginal flanges are preferably used in the construction of both the inner and outer mold forms, which plates are preferably made long and relatively narrow and are vertically disposed to form the side walls of both the inner and outer forms, the plates of each form being of such a length as to substantially east the walls for one story of the building. Instead tof using metallic plates for the closed tops of the box-like structures constituting the inner mold forms, planks or other material may be used. The mold is constructed by fastening the flanges of the metallic plates together and the wall plates of the outer and inner mold forms are held from spreading by suitable means, such as bolts having spacer sleeves thereon which pass through the plates. Lateral displacement of the sides of the mold forms is inal'te'r to l'ollow, in which a mold designed [or l'llnllllg a concrete dwellinghouse consisting of a basement and two upper stories having two rooms to a story, will be described in detail. it is not, however, the intention to limit the invention to the specific construction described, but only by the scope of the claims appended hereto.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 shows a vertical section through a mold for constructing a concrete h us in accordance with the principles of the invention, the vertical section being taken on the line l--l of Fig. A; i

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the mold rhown in Fig. 1, taken on the line 2-2;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on an enlarged sc tle taken on the line3--3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. l is a section taken on the line 44 m" Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a horirmntal section. shown in detail, the manner in which the corner pieces of the lllllOl'dIlOltl ,iiorlns are supported; and

Fig. (5 is a section taken on the line (3-6 of Fig. 5;

The entire outer'mold form and the inner mold form, with the exception of the plates or planks which sustain the concrete floors and roof of the house, are constructed of long narrowFmetallic mold plates having marginal flanges. The flanges of the plates are providcd'with uniformly spaced holes which aline when the plates are placed in abutting relation during the assembly and clips and wedges which pass through the alining holes draw the plates together and securely fasten them inplaee as i Fig. 8.

As shown in Fig. ,1, the house consists of a basement A, having side walls a, a first story B, having a floor Z) and side Walls (3,

of the molds.

a second story having side walls (Z and a floor (1, and a root I). Partition walls (see F'g. 2) which divide the space on each story into two separate chambel s or rooms, may also be provided.

The walls a of the basement and the floor I; of the first story are cast by mold forms, which are assembled in the following man nor. The outeri mold form is constructed from plates or panels 10, and the walls of the inner mold form ot plates 11. The plates of both formsare vertically disposed and are mounted upon footing course angles 12 which are disposed'upon a footing course 13 which is btiil't previously to the assembling The plates 10 and 11 are of the some length, as for example, seven l'el-t, andihe rplates are securely locked together by 'the clips and wedges passing through their an es as disclosed in Fi 3 the cli.

and wedges being omitted from Fig. 1 for the sake of clearness. The wall plates 10 of the outer mold are assembled to form a hollow rectangle of a length and width corresponding to the length and width of the house to be formed. At the corners, the plates are secured to 'angle irons l-l (see Fig. 2) so that when the outer mold is completely assembled, it forms a rigid struclure which is self-supportin The vertical mold plates 11 of the inner mold form are assembled in the same manner, but are joined together at the corners by corner plates simi lar in construction to a corner plate 15 disclosed in Fig. 5 of the drawing; 2'. e. a plate having two faces at right angles to each other which are provided with flanges 16 to which are clipped the flanges of the abutting plates 11. The side walls of the inner mold form therefore constitute a rigid hollow rectangular frame. However, where the basement is to be divided by a partition wall, instead of having one hollow rectangular form, two sudh forms are provided, which are spaced from the outer form and from each other, as is clearly indicated by Fig. 2.

Instead of using metallic plates for forming the floors of the building, planks 20 may he used whiclrextend transversely across and rest upon the upper flanges of the plates 11 of the inner mold to close the top face thereof.

To maintain the inner and outer wall plates 10 and 11 in proper spaced relation to each other, bolts or rods 21 pass through suitable openings or apertures in the faces of the wall plates and through holes in channel irons 22 which rest against the flanges of the plates. If desired, the flanges may be notched as at 23 to receive the chain nel irons. Nuts 24 upon the bolts 21 acting against the channel irpns, press the wall plates Ill and ll against spacer sleeves 25, which may be of concrete and which surround the bolts 21, whereby the wall plates of the inner and outer mold frame are rigidly united together and held in parallelism. These bolts 21 are preferably disposed adjacent. the upper and lower ends of the plates, and need not pass through each of the plates which are, as a general rule, about one foot in width; if they are passed through every fourth or fifth plate, it will be sullicienta To hold the wall plates of the inner and outer .nolds against lateral disphueelnent, tie-rods 38 are used, which tie-rods are connected to the bolts 21 by means of turn buckles These tie-rods, as will be clear from higu"), extend both longitudinally and transversely ol" the l'ramc. and since they are rigidly united to the bolts 20, an adequate internal support; for both the inner and outer mold 'l'rames is provided for'holding it against lateral displaconu'nt. Tt may also here he noted that since the channel I n l 1rons are also united with the spacer bolts and tie-rods, ail-added rigidity 1s given to the entire mold and the plates prevented from bulging.

The construction of the outer mold frame for the first story of the building is basement by be cast.

. ment mold by means of the bolts in general similar to the construction of the outer mold frame for the basenn-nt. In Fig. 1 of the drawing, the outer mold plates for forming the exterior mold frame of the first story, have been designated 40, and, as will be clear from this view, they are set directly upon the plates forming the basement, the end flanges of the plates being fastened together by clips and wedges. The plates 40 are of a greaterlength than the plates 10 for the basement, the additional length being equal to the thickness of the concrete floor plus the thickness of the planks 20.

The inner mold form for the first story of the building differs in construction from the inner mold form for the basement, having, however, the same general characteristic that it consists of a. plurality of box-like structures having closed tops and open bottoms. The corner plates 15 at each of the four corners of the two box-like structures shown, are longer than the intermediate ver tical plates 46 and extending from one corner gate to another are horizontally dispose plates 47, 48, 49 (see Fig. 1 of the drawing) which plates are clipped to each other at their ends and to the corner plates with their lower edges flush with the bot tom pf the corner plates. The inti'rmediate wall plates 46 rest upon these horizontal plates 47, 48 and 49, and are clipped thereto in the usual manner. The corner plates 15 are each supported upon the planks 20 forming the top of the interior mold of the means of the construction shown in Figs. 5 and ti. U-shaped channel pieces 50 are arranged under each of the corner plates 15, irhich channel irons have their legs resting" upon the planks 20. A bolt 51 passes through the lower flange oi. the corner plate 15, the channel piece 50, the plank 20, and the top flange of the corner mold plate of the basement mold,wlu-re- .by when a nut 52 upon the bolt is tightened,

the corner plate 15 will be held spanned from the planks 2t), and yet rigidly supported upon the corner plate beneath it. The U-. shaped spacer 50 is of a. height equal to the thickness of the concrete floor whieli is to Similar siacers may be plaeed under the horizontal plates 47 and 48 at theirpoint of jointure. as is shown in Figs. Sand 4, the U-shaped spacer being designated 53 and is shown as resting upon the planks 20, the horizontal plates being held to the intermediate wall plates of the ha? 333'. T In bolts 51 and 53', if desired, may be sur- Suitable door and window openings are formed by leaving out alining plates in both the-exterior and interior molds, and where window openings are to be provided, horizontal plates 60 are utilized to form the window opening of the proper size. In the construction of the interior or inner frame where a door opening is provided, horizon tal plates 61 are provided at the upper end, no such plates bein necessary at the lower end. However, in the exterior frame when ever a door opening occurs. a special plate 62 should be provided which is of a width equal to the thickness of the planks ill and the concrete fi'oor of the first story of the building. These horizontal plates ti: will therefore insure that the concrete forming the floor at the point 63 of Fig. 1. will be flush with the remaining floor. The door and window openings are closed by mold plates 63 secured to the flanges ot' the plates Slll'l'OllIltllllQ' the opening.

The construction of the third story oi the building is similar in all respects to the construction of the second story. with the exception that no door openings are necessary. The roof of the house may be tormed by means of planks (35 which extend across and rest upon the llanges of the inner mold forms of the second story. ('ornices are fornn-d by planks llll supported on brackets 67 secured to the wall plat v lt will be s en from this description of the mold, that the outer mold form is a hollow rectangular structure composed oi separable units rigidly joined together and of a height to form the entire building. The inner mold, however. is formed of a plurality of different units for each story of the building, each of these units comprising a box-like t'orxn having a closed top but an open bottom, which boxdiko structure is maintained by the tie-rods 2H and bolts 2t in spaced relation to the wall plates ot' the outer frame and to each other to form walls oi the building and also the partition walls. It will also be evident that the box-like structures for casting the walls and lloors oil the lirst and second story of the building, are superinmosed upon the box-like forms which cast the basement of the building and are rigidly supported thereon by means of the spacers 50 and 53, so that between the all 1,271,863

planks of the top of one box-like form and the lower edge of the horizontal plates forming the bottom of the superimposed box-likc form, there is a space of, say. six to eight inches which is equal to the thickness of the concrete floor which is to be cast.

After the mold has een completely assembled as described. the concrete is then poured and tirst tills the spaces bet ween the outer and inner wall plates of the basement to form the side walls and as the space bet\veen'the-c wall plates is tilled. the level of the concrete rises until it reaches the level above the planks 2t) .t'orming the top of an interior mold form. The pouring of the concrete is then continued and some of the concrete will run onto the planks 20 through the space left between the horizontal plates IT. is and the planks ot' the inner mold frames. .\s the pouring is continued, the level of the concrete rises and-tilts the space between the wall plates it) and ll of the inner and outer molds ot' the first story of the building. The workman standing upon the planks 2U ol' the basement tloor, then starts to distribute the concrete over the planks it) until it reaches an even depth, and if sntlicient concrete has not entered through the space between the inner mold formduring the casting of the walls, more concrete may be distributed either upon the planks 20 direct, or the workman may rakc'the concrete which is filling the space between the wall plates 40 and it of the tirst story in through the space left above the planks 20 until suflicicnt concrete is obtained to form a floor for the. first story of the building. The pouring of the concrete is continued and the floor for the second story of the build ing is obtained in the same manner, and after the side walls aml tloors have been completely cast, the concrete is spread upon the planks G5 and (36 to form the roof and corners of the building. It will be seen that during the pouring operation, since the workman stands directly upon the planks which support the concrete forming the floors of the building, the concrete may be readih worked and distributed until an even depth of the concrete is obtained. This feature of the-invention is of extreme importance, since concrete will not readily How in a horizontal plane and entirely fill the space between two sets of mold plates to provide a tloor ot' unit'orm thickness. The tic-rod and spacer bolts referred to, are of sutlicient strength to sustain the mold plates of the first and second stories in place dnring the pouring of the concrete, and by using the channel irons described, any bulging of the plates is prevented.

After the. concrete has entirely set, the mold is then removed, the spacers 5t) and 53, and spacer sleeves 25 being lost in the cast.

bat inasmuch as only a small number of these parts are used, th v will not, detract nuttcriall from the finish of the buildin and will be entirely concealed if an additional tinish is used.

In rcnup'ing the molds. there is no ditiic|ilt with the outer mold frame which is taken down commencing with the upper story Iirst. but to relieve the inner molds the footing course angles 1:! are tirst removed, which will permit the wall plates formin the basement of the building to be remove in removing the inner molds for the first and second stories. the vertical plates -16 are tirst removed. then the planks :20 and finally the corner plates.

I claim:

1. ln a concrete house mold. an outer mold t'oriu providing a rectangular frame of a height to t'oriu the several stories of a building. an interior mold l'orni consisting of a plurality of ho.\'like structures one at least, for each stor v ot' the building. said structures having open bottoms and closed tops, and means for supporting the box-tike struttures one above the other in spaced relation.

2. In a concrete house mold. an outer mold form providing a hollow rectangular l'ranie ot a height to l Ul'ltl the several stories of a lniilding. an' interior mold form comprising a plurality of box-like structures having, opcn bottoms and closed tops, the box-like structures t'orthc several stories being superimposed. amt means interposed between two sulwriuiposcd structures [or supporting the upper one upon the lower one in spaced relation thereto.

In a concrete house mold. an outer mold form of a height to t'orm the several stories of a building. said t'orni being composed of verticall disposed plates and providing a, hollow rectiuigular tramc. an inner mold form comprising a plurality of box-like structures having their side walls composed of vertically disposed plates. said structures having open bottoms and closed tops arr.-ingcd one above the other in spaced relation, and means For supporting said boxes in position.

4. In a concrete house mold, an outer mold form of a height; to form the several stories of a building. said form being composed of vertically disposed plates and providing a hollow rectangular frame, an inner mold form comprising a plurality of hoxliku r-il'llt.'- tures havin their side walls composed of vertically (isposcd plates. said structures having open bottoms and closed tops arranged one above the other in spaced relation, and means for supporting the upper liOXts upon the lower boxes in spaced relation thereto. said means comprising pieces adapted to be lost in the concrete lloor when cast.

building,

5. In a concrete house mold, an outer and an inner mold form composed of long relatively narrow vertically disposed wall plates, means Jassing through some of the wall plates of 0th forms for holding them spaced apart, and means passing transversely and longitmlinally through the mold connected to said first named means for preventing the lateral displacement of the forms.

6. In a concrete house mold, an outer and an inner mold form composed of long relatively narrow vertically disposed wall plates, bars passing through some of the plates of both forms having means thereon for holding said wall plates spaced apart, and tie rods connected to said bars passing transversely and longitudinally through the in terior of said inner form for holding said forms against lateral displacement.

7. In a concrete house mold, an outer and inner mold form composed of long relatively narrow vertically disposed wall plates, bars passing through some of the plates of both forms at spaced intervals around the form, said bars having means thereon for holding said plates in spaced relation, and adjustable tie rods passing transversely and longitudinally through the interior of said inner mold form for holding said forms against lateral displacement.

8. In a concrete house mold, an outer and an inner mold form, said outer mold form comprising a rectangular frame of a height to form the several stories of a building and composed of vertically disposed plates, said inner mold form being composed of a plurality of superimposed box-like structures, means for supporting said box-like structures one above the other in spaced relation, and internal supporting means for holding said inner and outer forms against lateral displacement,

9. In a concrete house mold, an Outer mold form comprising a hollow rectangular frame, of a height to cast several stories of a building, an inner mold form composed of boxlike structures having closed tops and open bottoms, one at least for each story of the building, said structures being arranged one above the other in spaced relation, and internal supporting means passing through said mold forms for holding them against lateral displacement.

10. In a concrete house mold, an outer mold form comprisin a rectangular frame of a height to form t e several stories of a said form being composed of long relatively narrow vertically-disposed plates, horizontal bars surrounding said outer mold form, and means for clamping said bars together in the form of a rectangular supporting frame for said outer mold form.

11. In a concrete house mold, an outer mold form com )risin a rectangular frame of a height to i orm t c several stories of .a building, said form being composed of verticallyidisposed units, horizontal bars surrounding said outer mold form providin a series of horizontal supporting rectangu ar frames, and tie-rods connecting the bars of said frames together.

1.2. In a concrete house mold form, an outer mold form of a height to form the several stories of a building, said form being composed of long relatively narrow verticallydisposed units, horizontal bars disposed around said outer mold form, and means for clamping said bars together providing a series of spaced rectangular supporting frames for said outer mold form.

13. In a concrete house mold form, an outer mold form, an inner mold form, each being composed of long relatively narrow verticallvdisposed units, horizontal bars disposed exteriorly of said outer form and clamped against the side walls thereof, and horizontal bars disposed interiorly of said inner form and clamped against the side walls thereof.

14. In a concrete house mold form, an outer mold form of a height to form the several stories of a building comprising a rectangular frame composed of long relatively narrow vertically-disposed units, a1- inner mold form comprising a plurality of boxlike structures having closed tops and open bottoms disposed one above the other in spaced relation, said box-like structures having their side walls composed of long relatively narrow vertically disposed units, and internal supporting means for supporting said box-like structures in s aced relation and for preventing lateral dlsplacement of said inner and outer forms.

15. In a concrete house mold form, an outer mold form of a height to form the several stories of a building comprising a rectangular frame composed of long relatively narrow vertically-disposed units, an inner mold form comprising a plurality of box-like structures having closed tops and open bottoms disposed one above the other in spaced relation, said box-like structures having their side walls composed of long relatively narrow vertically-disposed units, and means including horizontal bars providing rectangular framessurrounding the outer mold form and disposed within said boxlikc structures for preventing lateral displacement of said forms.

16. In a concrete house mold form, an outer mold form of a height to form the several stories of a building comprising a. rectangular frame composed of long relatively narrow vertically-disposed units, an inner mold form comprising a, plurality of box-like structures having closed tops and 

